Joanna Motylska-Komsta
Kupeza chidwi nkhani kujambula Zdzislaw Rynkiewicz
Aliyense panopa chithunzi Wobisa ake chidwi nkhani. Author zosayembekezereka kuwombera njira. Zonse chidwi pa nkhaniyi zikuchokera. Kucheza ndi doyen wa Polish kujambula Zdzislaw Rynkiewicz.
JMK:
Ambuye kulenga njira wokha kuzindikira anali kumulowetsa ndi vuto. Pamaso odzipereka Pan yekha "cholinga" zithunzi, m'mbuyomo - pakati ena - inu anatenga Ambuye ntchito mtolankhani filimu ngati makalata Official TV TVP Bialystok m'chigawo. Bwanji iwe anapitiriza ntchito TV mtolankhani?
ZR:
Kuti nie JA, kapena abwana anga Polish TV, Iwo anasiya ntchito ku mogwirizana ndi ine. Iwo ndale chisankho anatengedwa woyamba mlembi wa akuzigawo komiti ya Communist Party mu Bialystok. Pakuti "krytykanctwo". Chotero epithets mu jargon wa chipani apparatchiks anadzudzula atolankhani, amene analimba mtima kuchita yovuta malipoti pa malo caciques inept maboma.
Kwenikweni, kwambiri odziwa anakakamizika kusintha udindo TVP mtolankhani, okonzeka ndi boma filimu kamera ndi Bell-Howell osindikizira khadi, udindo wa pantchito munthu, okonzeka ndi payekha kamera mtundu Praktica, monga yekha chida gainful ntchito ndi "nkhandwe tikiti". Ndinkadziona makamaka painfully kudula ine kuchokera zachiwawa nyengo ya tsiku ndi tsiku zochitika loyenera la kalembera wa kamera.
Nyengo, amene ndinkamufuna ndi chimene ine posungira analenga. Ntchito TV mtolankhani anapereka wokhutira pokhala munthu kukhala yofunika kwa anthu. Ndithudi zothandiza ku journalistic amazionera. Ine sankasamala za maganizo a dontho. wanga journalistic ntchito pa mbali ya phwando olemekezeka. Only mlingo amaonetsa anthu ndi owayang'anila ndi TVP NDI CILIMBIKITSO kusankha nkhani za anga malipoti sizikutanthauza, kuti ine ananyalanyaza wanga filimu thandizo lofunika pa maganizo a Communist Party wa chipani sitz osambira. Mimo kuti, pafupipafupi kusonyeza pa TVP oyenera chipani olimbikitsa ufulu analephera kukumana amayembekezera a chipani zida za mphamvu.
JMK:
Muli ndi chidwi luso athandizapo - mphoto ndi maulemu. Iye nawo oposa Pan 150 mitundu ndi mayiko kujambula zithunzi zisudzo. Mwakhala amaitcha, ena: Gold Cross la Inagwira, Mkuwa Mendulo “Gloria Artis”. Ndikufunsani zochepa perversely: Kodi inuyo mumamasuka ntchito yanu kuti munthu Photography, amene simunakuwonepo iwo?
ZR:
Ochepa ojambula amatha bwino awo kufotokoza kulenga masomphenya monga kamera ndi kamera kulankhula. Ine si wa iwo. Ndimakonda kulenga chithunzi kuposa kuyankhula za kujambula. Ndipo mwanjira imeneyi kupezeka kwa ine, Ndimayesetsa kuonetsa maganizo anga ubale kujambula monga luso. Mitundu ina ya nkhani kuzungulira wanga kujambula zithunzi ntchito ndikusiyirani kwa anthu otsutsa.
JMK:
Kodi ndi chinthu chofunika, Ndikufuna Mr., anthu ena kudziwa za inu?
ZR:
Chinthu chovuta kwambiri ndi kulankhula za wekha popanda kugwa mu megalomania. Makamaka, iwo samaona kufunika kuchita chidwi ndi wachitatu maphwando. Ndikufuna nditatero, pokumbukira ndi olandira wanga zithunzi otsala zithunzi analengedwa ndi ine ndipo sali woyambitsa. Kucheza Mlengi ndi ntchito akhoza, akupeka cholinga chithunzi okhutira phwando. A bwino chithunzi si ndi "olemekezeka" atate. Mwina pokhala wamasiye, Ine ndikuvomereza anthu ena. Izi atolankhani ali ndi udindo zokhudza olemba ndi ntchito zawo ndi nzeru chuma ndi luso tiyeni ntchito izi amachita ndi Polish Copyright Law.
JMK:
Mr. Apereka Zithunzi mu chionetsero, amene adagwidwa pakati 1954-2014, amene amalenga akonzedwa a kwambiri zokongola m'masiku akale. Kodi inu kukhala bwino wojambula zithunzi lero, pamene onse akuchita zithunzi?
ZR:
N'zovuta masiku ano kuwala pa msika catchy Zithunzi fano chifukwa mpikisano ndi kwakukulu. The ambiri kupezeka kwa zipangizo akupitiriza chifanizo ndi phokoso, Chimathandiza chonse cha chochitika, iliyonse ngodya ya mdziko. Vuto Kuchepetsa chilengedwe cha uthenga kujambula tizitha kusankha chidwi tsa ndi yoyenera – kukamphindi, mukawakankhira shutter batani kamera. "Chithunzithunzi" pa nthawi yoyenera zikhoza kapena ayi, kuti fano ndi wotchedwa "chidutswa cha wabwino". Timalemekeza kwambiri polenga dramaturgy masewero kumenya a chithunzi zochitika. Masiku ano, zachiwawa ndi masoka achilengedwe, ojambula amapereka amakhala ndi mwayi kulenga ozunguza zithunzi. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi zidzachitika kachiwiri, kamodzi "ambuye wina chithunzi". Mopepuka chithunzi.
JMK:
Kodi akapeze kudzoza kwa gawoli / chithunzi?
ZR:
Wofunika, sizidzatha zanga mwa nkhani wanga kujambula anali ndipo m'dzikoli. Ngakhale imvi za tsiku ndi tsiku, umasefedweramo lakuthwa diso wojambula zithunzi zopelekedwa filimu masamba kamera - tsopano kukumbukira khadi – chachinsinsi njira, kuti pakhale Zithunzi chifaniziro.
Kawirikawiri ine kulenga zongopeka chenicheni, ngati akufuna ena onse ndi mfundo za kulenga. Mu zaka 70 Ine 80- awa ub. atumwi, ena anasankha kujambula zithunzi mafano utoto, Ine pansi yachiwiri przetworzeniom mu mawonekedwe a: fotomontażu, zithunzi ndi kusankha sepia chromate. Chotero mankhwala kotheka chifukwa zipereke ine powiększalniku mmalo mwa miyambo kuwala punktowemu, "Mkaka" kuwala mababu. Dzenje – amatchedwanso liniya – amalola okhulupirika oitanira anthu kujambula zithunzi pepala mbewu ya siliva zachitsulo nyumba, ali ndi gelatin wakuda ndi woyera zoipa. Ndipo "trifle", ukulamulira wanga Zithunzi zithunzi za chikhalidwe kujambula ndinkafuna.
JMK:
Kodi lalikulu mavuto / mavuto inu anakumana pa ntchito yawo?
ZR:
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri limene ndinayamba m'ntchito wojambula zithunzi mmisiri anali kuphedwa kwa dongosolo (1973) kwa Museum ya Nature mu Bialowieza. Analamulidwa, Iye ankafuna kukhala chapakati pediment cha nyumbayi, Large fano la ng'ombe la njati, anapanga makolo luso pa Zithunzi pepala. M'chaka 1973, Polish, sindinachite komabe murals mafakitale njira. Zlecony mtundu zdęcia (yopingasa) Iwo anali chimphona: 4,0 × 2,5 mamita. Itanitsani anazindikira koma kwa zaka zambiri ine sindikanakhoza kukhululukira ndekha anatengedwa, mosasamala zochita. Dongosolo ili pafupi zinandichititsa kuwononga. Ine anali kubwereza fano kawiri. Mtengo wa kujambula zithunzi zipangizo ntchito ndipo makamaka anapanga chifukwa cha msonkhano uno cuvette winidurowe makina anga ndalama pafupifupi ziro. Ndipo zonse mwa wanga zilizonse chikhulupiriro, kuti kuwala kofiira chithunzi pepala zinayambira. Inde, Iwo flares koma kwa kanthawi kochepa. Ndipo, ndi mkazi wanga Janina, ife anaika pa wapadera fulemu mipukutu ya chithunzi pepala pafupifupi 30 Mphindi. Zinali zokwanira kuti zinayambitsa pepala anali kwambiri "utsi wambiri". Ntchito yathu usiku wonse pachabe.
JMK:
Dziko kuposa, limene Mbuye wake analola?
ZR:
Mu 70s wotsiriza. Century analandira ulamuliro kuchokera kwa ogwira Cooperative Invalides mu Bialystok. Ntchito yathu kwa kujambula zithunzi reportage achinyamata angapo mu ukwati kaundula Office. HR anandifunsa, I "skilfully" kujambulidwa ziwirizi chifukwa ena disproportions mmene angolowa kumene m'banja. Ndinu mnyamata amtengo za. 100 kg. ndi mkwati ... 40 kg. Kujambula zonse n'zotheka. M'malo bwinobwino ntchito pa ntchito muyezo mandala, anu Chotambala mandala anaika Machitachita. Kwachiduleku amazionera, khalidwe la Chotambala magalasi, Ndinatha mwakufuna disparities banjali. Komabe, sakusintha wonse chifaniziro cha angolowa kumene m'banja. Fano inali m'malo tragicomic.
Makamaka woyera chophimba pa mutu wake 60 wazaka mkwatibwi kusiyana ndi kuopsa kwa mphindi. Zimene mafano a ukwati sindiwakonda analandira ndi Changu: Joe Taonani ine kukongola ...
Mmodzi mwa mafanowo - kumene ndi chilolezo zitsanzo – Ndinatumiza m'chaka 1991 mayiko kujambula zithunzi mpikisano ku UK. Analandira mphoto yaikulu mu gulu: "Nthabwala".
JMK:
Lalikulu chinsinsi mu ntchito ya Ambuye Wojambula?
ZR:
Kumene, Ndili - anayamba zaka - zamakono curiosities Msonkhano, Atanthauzo a aesthetics wanga zithunzi. Iwo sanadziwe kuti ena ojambula chifukwa, kuti ntchito zasayansi Wojambula sindingakhoze kufotokoza mawu lemba. Chiyenera pafupifupi ophunzitsidwa mu darkroom.
JMK:
Kodi chidwi kwambiri mu ntchito ya Ambuye Wojambula?
ZR:
Aliyense ntchito lipoti, aliyense panja kujambula zithunzi, makamaka zochitika chochitika mu zenizeni otizungulira, Iwo amapereka zambiri zochititsa chidwi ndi chodabwitsa. Mmodzi chifukwa, kuti ntchito si wonyong'onya Wojambula.
JMK:
Kodi kwambiri zosangalatsa pa Wojambula ntchito?
ZR:
Mu 1966 Ine anawomberedwa kwa TVP "Choncho Friendly", mu Brzostowica pa Chipolishi Chibelarusi. Pa gulu lalikulu kutsogolo kwa fuko lake laulemu, limene chipani alembi: Gomulka ndi Khrushchev mu statuesque kuika ndipo ndinamva nyimbo ya Soviet Union, kalulu anaonekera .... Crouched pa kumbuyo kudumpha, masekondi angapo zikuluzikulu anamvera phokoso la fuko la USSR. Anasonkhana mwapang'ono obisika Glee nkhope zawo pamene. Udzanyazitsidwa anapeza kuti kalulu, iye anali wolakwa kampani, Adathawira ozungulira ndikolope. Part filimuyo ndi kalulu ku maziko, Iwo unadulidwa mwanga reportage pamaso pa TV buku.
JMK:
Kodi kwambiri mantha monga Wojambula?
ZR:
Mu 1965 madera a m'chigawo. Bialystok mu mtsinje mabeseni Narwia, Cholakwika ndi Biebrza munadzaza madzi ndi madzi. Ndi TVP analandira umboni pojambula mlengalenga maganizo a chigumula. Monga njira mpweya mayendedwe tingapeze Aero Club wa Bialystok wotchuka, biplane "kukuruźnik". Pa kuthawira pa madzi anasefukira m'madera madzi, chilonda 60 mamita. filimu Mzere. Pobwerera ku eyapoti, achinyamata woyendetsa la ndegeyo anaganiza adzipereke kwa psyche oopsa pofuna. kuchititsa lakuthwa kugwa "kukuruźnika". Kenako anavomereza ndipo anapepesa kwa ine, anali "kulamulira" mbadwa. Ndipo, mwatsoka, Ine sindimadziwa, ndi ndegeyi anapulumuka choopsya.
JMK:
Kodi chinthu chopambana mu ojambulira ntchito?
ZR:
Ine ndimakonda Chithunzi ndi mfundo imeneyi kwachititsa, kuti ntchito za wojambula zithunzi ankachita oposa 60 Zaka. A anapuma? Nthawi zambiri ine kufika kwa kamera. Yolankhulana ndi kamera osati otchedwa "dongosolo" zimandipatsa zosangalatsa.
JMK:
Ngati inu mukhoza kubwerera mu nthawi, kodi mungatani mosiyana?
ZR:
Szedłbym zomwezo. Mwinamwake ine sayenera kunyalanyaza zinthu pa mphambano ndi mphamvu. Nthawi zina muli chinachake kutaya pano kuti achire m'tsogolo. Inde, sikuti ntchito mfundo, chimene ine nthawi zonse adzakhala okhulupirika. Ndilibe manyazi, Zimene ndinachita m'mbuyomu. M'malo mwake, Ine ndine onyada wanga wachita zatsopano.
JMK:
Ma Pan, ngati wamng'ono chidwi mbiri ndi zomwe zalembedwa luso athandizapo. Monga Ambuye ulendo anayamba ndi chithunzi?
ZR:
Ndi nthaŵi yaitali, wathunthu randomization (monga ntchito) wanga ambiri zilakolako mu moyo. Kuwonjezera pa banja zofuna nyimbo (mwana wa parishi limba la Catholic Church), Zaka zingapo ntchito kubanki, akutsogolera chikhalidwe mabungwe ndipo potsiriza kufika kwa loto udindo TVP mtolankhani.
Nditamaliza ake katswiri monga wojambula zithunzi mmisiri. Udindo wojambula wojambula (memberships. ZPAF) izo sizinali wanga ntchito ngakhale ambiri ojambula chifukwa cha zoti ZPAF wabwino egzystowało mu PRL.
JMK:
Kodi kudzipereka selfie?
ZR:
No. Tsiku lililonse (pa bulashi) Ine ndi mwayi yang'anani physiognomy pa galasi. Ndizo zokwanira ine.
JMK:
Ndipo potsiriza, munthu malangizo kwa zoyamba maluwa ojambula?
ZR:
Chithunzi, kuwombera ndi kuwombera kachiwiri. Bookish kudziwa yekha chiyambi kujambula. Only khama akupanga journeyman ngwazi ...
JMK:
Zikomo chifukwa cha kuyankhulana ndipo ndikukhumba inu anapitiriza bwino.
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Oyamba ya chionetsero cha zithunzi Mr. Zdzislaw Rynkiewicz unachitikira 20.06.2015 r Nkhani. mu chithunzi cha wotsika Silesian Association of Luso ndipo akatswiri a zojambulajambula a Audiovisual ( DSAFITA) mu Wroclaw, The. Włodkowica 31 / 4a.